The Battle of Plassey

• Battle of Plassey took place on 23rd June 1757 CE on the bank of river Bhagirathi.

• It was fought between the British and The army of Siraj-Ud-Daula.

• Robert Clive conspired with court nobles of Siraj like Mir Jafar, governor of  Calcutta, Manik Chand etc.

• Siraj was defeated and killed by Myran son of Mir Jafar.

• Black Hole tragedy was related to the Siraj-ud-Daula.

• The battle was called first Revolution for its consequences .

• After the battle of Plassey, Mir Jafar was appointed as puppet Nawab of the British.

The Battle of Buxar

• In 1760-63, Mir Jafar was replaced by another puppet ruler Mir Qasim.

• Later misuse of Dastak (the passes for doing trade in Bengal for English Company) was the main cause of conflict between Mir Qasim and the Company.

• Mir Qasim formed confederacy with Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II and Nawab of Awadh (Ayodhya) Shuja ud Dawla against British.

• They all fought against the British in the battle of Buxar in 1764 and the allied forces were defeated at Buxar, Kara and Allahabad.

• Mir Qasim was deposed and Mir Jafar was reinstated in Bengal.

• Robert Clive signed two separate treaties of Allahabad with the Mughal Emperor Shah AlamII on 12 August,1765 and with Awadhruler Suja-ud Daula on 16 August,1765.

• Mughal Emperor granted Diwani(Tax collection) rights to English in Bengal, Bihar and Orissa.

• Robert Clive introduced Dual Government in Bengal with Nawab Nazam ud Dawla. Diwani was for English and Nazamat (Administration) was for the Nawab.

• The Dual Government in Bengal was ended by Warren Hastings in 1772.

1st Anglo-Mysore War(1766-69)

•The English shifted their attention towards Mysore where Hyder Ali and later, his son Tipu Sultan posed danger to the rising British power in India which ultimately led to the Anglo-Mysore War.

•The 1st Anglo-Mysore war was fought between Hyder Ali and an alliance of British formed with the Marathas and the Nizam of Hyderabad.

•Hyder defeated the alliance of British and the war ended with Madras treaty in 1769.

2nd Anglo-Mysore War(1780-84)

•Hyder defeated the English several times and many British soldiers surrendered in front of him, however, most decisive battle was fought at Portonovo and Hyder was defeated by the British.

•Hyder died in 1782.

•Peace Treaty-Treaty of Mangalore was signed between Tipu Sulatan and the English in 1784.

•Warren Hastings was the Governor General of Bengal during this time.

3rd Anglo-Mysore War(1790-92)

• A triple alliance among the Marathas, the Nizam of Hyderabad and the British was formed against Tipu.

• Tipu was defeated and the treaty of "Sri ranga patnam" was signed in 1792.

• Cornwallis was the Governor General of Bengal.

4thAnglo-Mysore War(1799)

•The reason of the war was that Tipu refused to sign Subsidiary Alliance of Wellesley.

•Tipu was shot at Sri ranga pattanam and he died in 1799.

•The English restored Vodayars in Mysore and concluded subsidiary alliance .

•William Bentick suspended the administration of Vodayars and annexed Mysore.